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Harper, Bouchard-Taylor and the Quebec nation

The report of the Bouchard-Taylor (2008) seems to be the absolute opposite of the report of the Bélanger-Campeau (1991). This shows how the Quebec Liberal party has flip-flopped and abandoned any intention of doing anything other than a Quebec "ordinary province and interchangeable."

THE PLACE ON IDENTITY

Quebec is now at a critical juncture in its modern identity questions, whose resolution has mobilized the entire political class in 40 years. Indeed, the "Quebec nation" (not her relationship with a historic territory, its institutions like the National Assembly or its objective existence) was tentatively recognized by the federal government, in a gesture whose significance is largely symbolic.

Meanwhile, no specific advantage seems to stem from this recognition, which begins to resemble the facts in a neutralization. The fiscal imbalance has been "approached" in a context not constitutional or legal, but the room at the whim of the Federal. The headquarters of Unesco is still in the carpenter's workshop. The consequences of this recognition of our language laws, Quebec on our institutions, our international relations, were not even considered by our government very timid provincialism.

And meanwhile, it's on TV English TV movie in honor of Elijah Harper, who killed the Meech Lake Accord. Indeed, Quebec has moved from defensive mode (under Bouchard) in standby mode (under Landry) in passive mode (in Charest). One has only to see the severe beating that nationalists and separatists in Quebec are undergoing at the " 400th anniversary of the founding of Canada (sic) by Champlain, which was not the first French 's establish America (re-sic), which was already under the jurisdiction of the King of England (re-re-sic) "sad rewriting of history and political manipulation of an event that could have been celebrated in dignity. It's enough to depress.

(note in passing that we can consider the founding of Acadia, Quebec and Louisiana as three events that are both bound by the French adventure in America, but quickly diverged in their outreach and their destinies. Foundation of Quebec should be seen as the foundation of Quebec , that is to say the starting point of a coherent and distinct human colonization in the St Lawrence. As I noted earlier in this blog, we must mention the far side of unifying the Francophonie of the Americas, the separate side - both historical and cultural - of each of its constituent nations.)

EXIT THE DEADLOCK?

The findings of the Bouchard-Taylor could, ironically, help us break the deadlock, provided that Ms. Marois do the necessary analysis and present a project that takes full advantage of the slingshot effect . Indeed, the Commission's report addresses the Quebec identity through the distorting mirror of multiculturalism in the Canadian way, an ideology which consciously ignoring the existence of national identities, to focus strictly on (1) civic identities and (2) individual identities.

This is curiously inconsistent with any recognition by the federal government of a "Quebec nation "!

The nations that a country can take refuge behind the concept of civic citizenship to avoid addressing the fundamental issues of identity, common values, tolerance. Quebecers are forced to cope, without recourse to circular reasoning that the "citizenship-nationality" offers an answer (for example: "Are all French nationals holders of French citizenship," "Are all Canadian nationality holders of Canadian citizenship, "etc.).

NO national or cultural identity could resist Grid analysis of multiculturalism, which serves to deconstruct the nation state to replace it, without one can lead to another or can be used to explain (ie, the state exists and state, the nation is by and for the state, the nation without a state does not exist).

Basically, the concept of collective identity does not exist anymore and is instead replaced (within a set state) by a territory inhabited by people, except perhaps in the case of a constitution that would guarantee at least that identity is mentioned . It is clear that the only way out is in identity constitutional and / or the creation of a state, then that would legitimize a nation that NOTHING ELSE, the ideology in vogue, can not tolerate.

ARE WE REALLY A MAJORITY?

Yes and no. Commissioners Bouchard and Taylor have mentioned several times that a society of law must avoid at all costs to the tyranny of the majority. However, we are a majority with very little power when compared to other cultural majorities in the world. We are in a somewhat absurd (a majority-minority with political power framed by other powers policies often contradictory).

Montreal Anglophones are a minority for their very relative, since they can count on the rest of North America to ensure their cultural exchanges, and their media outreach. They are part of an absolute majority in Canada. Their position of "minority within a minority within a majority," which is often mentioned, should not obscure their inclusion very real in most English-speaking North American culture. In other words, the fact that Montreal Anglophones are part of Quebec society and be "submitted" to the power of language laws, and the French cultural pressure, do not isolate any of the huge cultural complex English. After all, Ontario is only a few tens of kilometers from the West Island and it is easy to rub off the tongue more easily in one direction than another. Worries one in Ontario to see the French move to Cornwall triumphantly, like a steamroller, assimilating everything in its path?

CONCLUSION

Perhaps we should reflect on the trend, which is materialized in recent events as the Bouchard-Taylor, demand for French Quebec a majority responsibility when they have neither the powers associated with a status of majority (legal and constitutional power) nor the means to act majority (because they are in fact a national minority within Canada). It is customary to say that with freedoms come responsibilities. Okay! The reverse is also true. Demand the freedoms that come with these serious responsibilities we have just been imposed. We were asked to accept immigrants to integrate into our society, to align our services with the reality on the ground to enforce the secularization broad spectrum? To get there, we need more legal powers and constitutional . It is our responsibility ... to get them!

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A simple linguistic minority? From

I have repeatedly stressed the obsolescence of the term "French Canadian" identity that was good practice in colonial times (mostly during conscription) where we appealed to the patriotism of the "second founding people" (actually, founder and vanquished him in spite of a country whose main business is its assimilation, see the Durham subject) and identify the "hero" of the heroic resistance of Quebec against General Arnold, the very innocent Dollard-des-Ormeaux, handy Salaberry-de-Valleyfield.

brother soon softened American enemy, the Canadian colony hardly knows what to do with his French-speaking populations and works to deny them the use of this language (except Quebec), so the French had virtually disappeared Saskatchewan and most of Manitoba, while falling so severe and inescapable in Ontario. Canada has indeed established a formal policy of linguistic assimilation, language targeting French and Francophone history. Do not let the current arrangements, particularly the facade of bilingualism, hide our history, or even try to rewrite it for ideological reasons.

policy of multiculturalism Trudeau in 1971, continued to undermine the work by establishing the "French Canadian" in its minority position-as-others and laying the myth of the "founding people" to oblivion pretext of political correctness and friendship Amerindian (another minority disposable, as we saw recently with the Canadian delegation to the UN). Since the first

referendum in 1980 Francophones outside Quebec take the role of hostages language, that Brand (A large reinforcements culture Acadian / Franco-funded Regional and disproportionate air time on Radio-Canada) to create doubt and guilt among the "heartless evil separatists" who dare to abandon their brothers language a certain assimilation (!). Evidence that Canada takes its role as the gravedigger of French America.

must reject this identity by understanding that the charade has gone on long enough, not only French-speaking communities elsewhere in Canada and America have had divergent histories and distinct from ours, being more distant cousins than brothers sharing the same birthplace, but moreover, it is almost certain they would benefit all a strong French state America, exporting its culture and French language funding initiatives across the continent. Otherwise, we melt into accepting the cultural aggregate national (Canadian) as a linguistic minority simple and as socio-cultural group who immigrated to Canada (the policy because "we are all immigrants", etc..) we turn our backs on our own history and our identity.

official Canadian bilingualism exists to protect the anglophone minority in Quebec and in opposition with the constitutional bomb in our little political ammunition. Moreover, according to the federal Liberals' election promises, the notwithstanding clause could disappear during the next decade. With this sword of Damocles hanging over our heads, the gradual neutralization of 101 blows of their constitutional and legal challenges and the failure of our immigration policies francophone be worth the French in Quebec as soon as the French will more critical mass (critical mass would be about 70%, after which there would be a rapid decline and inevitable)?

comfortable myth of "two founding peoples," it has not existed for a long time. Faced with the wolves, why do we accept always be sheep?

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discomfort Quebec identity

With all these social and ideological rifts that resurface in Quebec, the time has perhaps come to share things about our identity project. Because this is a project unfinished and imperfect, whose success will inevitably lead to a desire for greater emancipation policy. Now, decades ago that politicians come brouillier cards and we offer definitions often patronizing and reductive of our own identity. Besides this "we" that we can not define ourselves, and trying to define it for us. It is not possible to be free, to have desires even if it fails to define "us" and to live this "we" with passion and dignity.

look a little identities with which we juggle since the Quiet Revolution, with a backdrop, always, the idea that we would be a minority language within a culture "canadian coast to coast", rotting under the pink lily of Her Majesty the Queen of England.

-QUEBEC TERRITORY

Thus, there is the Quebec territory, which is also the Quebec government. This is a state without borders and without real autonomy, a purely administrative division exist only because the territory is divided, eventually. As the tourist areas, townships and municipalities, this territorial division provides infrastructure management and maintenance and this has enabled several generations of Quebecers to be janitors home. Like any country, Quebec has its share of arbitrariness, as evidenced by the dividing line that snakes through the peninsula in the Torngat Mountains of Labrador. This division of territory it is supposed to represent a social, cultural? This definition of Quebec (the "territoriality") may extend to citizens who live (by chance) the territory defined above. Quebecers, according to this definition, possess an identity circumstantial and coincidental and are Quebecers simply because they live in Quebec. To instantly lose that identity, they would move to Ontario or New Brunswick! Reduce group identity to the simple street address , the current location of the individual , that an approach that denies the very existence of Canadian provinces, to substitute a monolithic Canada! This is the approach proposed by the federal Liberals.

QUEBEC-CIVIC

Quebec-Location is somewhat different, since it relies on a concept of shared values and a common legal framework, developed an original way ... although it carefully avoids naming the "we" and explain the reason for this originality. Lamarck would be proud of this spontaneous generation. So this is a definition that requires a small net spin, all are part of Quebec-civic, but all do not participate as well. This identity is therefore at the junction of the "we-inclusive" and "us-participatory" in the sense that it applies to all by default, but some may feel that more membership, get involved. However, Quebec has not civic- Project unifying identity, by trying to include all costs, it aligns itself to the administrative definition (redundant) and the Quebec territory sacrifices his memory at the altar of "us" legal . Quebec would then exist by force of law, freed from its corporate citizens, static, optionally without historicity. This concept varies so confused between the "Neverland" and "symbolic country." Quebec-civic is more, in my opinion, an ideal secular technocrat rather difficult to achieve and which could lead to the abandonment of any attempt of identity. The question is: The definition Civic Quebec is so different from the definition of civic Ontarian or New Brunswick?

QUEBEC-NATION (KINGDOM IN CANADA, ETC)

Rest Quebec nation, a concept that attempts to defuse Stephen Harper when redefined (without asking our opinion) the Québécois as "nation in a Quebecoise united Canada. " To read between the lines, we finally discovered that this definition is in itself the seeds of its obsolescence : since the "Quebec nation" can not exist outside of a "united Canada" (outside the territorial and Canadian legal ) then it is simply the Quebec-Canada-territory or civic, but expressed differently.

The Quebec nation, we must reclaim and we define ourselves. Whenever we leave to others to define us, we give them the opportunity to minorized more, we turn into a negligible quantity, we submit to a paternalistic approach, not very different from the submission to the benefits of colonialism British and his superiority complex "civilizing".

TOWARDS AN IDEAL REPUBLICAN

Exercise the Bouchard-Taylor is perhaps not as innocent as it seems. This is actually the struggle between all these identities, with the background a fight between the nationalism of isolationism and nationalism opening to the world. These two nationalisms are even within Quebec nation and reflect different historical currents: the whiff of fascist and reactionary local trio-family-religion, as applied to the Duplessis era and very clumsily handled by ADQ, and revolutionary ideals and Republican, still smoldering from Papineau.

should be avoided at all costs that are the pitfalls of nationalism tinged with socialism, which too often drift into a ghetto, or even racial , stemming from our desire for national survival, and nationalism assumed wrong, politically-correct and chilly, from our minority and dominated.

In my humble opinion, that Quebec should arise, once and for all, free and aspiring to a republican ideal . Not only could this horrifying beyond belief and British Canada House to the marrow, but in addition it would give us a vision of society stronger, more powerful than the affectation of civic nationality.

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Beauce, entrepreneurial showcase of a sovereign Quebec?

( Note: This post is formed by the merger of two texts, which I completed in 2005 and 2007. )

I was thinking recently that the Beauce has often voted against sovereignty and I think we can find the causes in the particular history of the region. After the Conquest, Beauce was found outside the British sphere of influence. A few strides from the city of Quebec was then a valley that was, paradoxically populated but isolated from the rest of "Country French". Why the quasi-voluntary isolation? The British master saw no economic potential to the region ... but there is more.

AN ACCIDENT OF HISTORY

In 1775, while attempting to conquer U.S. troops back along the corridor formed by the boiler, Beauce help the revolutionary forces. The people of the island of Orleans and Bellechasse also helped them. Small detail dodged in formal treaties of history "canadian", where the good little French-Canadian aid without hesitation the British colonial power ...

isolation of the Beauce is an accident of history, we can find a similar situation in the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean. This region has also, in fact, developed a fierce sense of identity. Found to a lesser extent, this feeling in Témiscouata.

The rest of francophone Quebec shows a lot more cohesion, the axes of the St. Lawrence or the Richelieu River, major, have long been welded at the social and cultural development. Beauce, meanwhile, is located outside the main axis of communication, in a small inaccessible. The "black legs" were those who Beauce, to sell their produce to market in Québec, would circumvent the rapids of the river boiler through marshlands!

The latest settlement areas as the Laurentians, Outaouais, Abitibi example, show no such peculiarities - they were colonized by extension of the main settlement area.

It should be noted that the Beauce has developed very largely in turning his back on the economic power of Montreal. As for Quebec, the city is seen as a client than as a purveyor. The Beauce Valley commercial dynamism, can export in two directions: the city of Quebec and the USA. The valley opens out at both ends, on two complementary markets.


WHY DO FLOWERS IDEAL SOVEREIGNTY NOT BEAUCE

The economic development plan of the Beauce should take a prominent place in a sovereign Quebec. Not because we do want to "buy" the vote Beauceron, but because this region has developed its economic potential and optimally ... original.

A first observation: the Beauce is a region which exports. Some area businesses have experienced very strong growth and are "success stories" and the export is as much regional and continental and even international.

The Beauceron are bilingual, on average, than people in other regions of Quebec. This bilingualism is not one of assimilation or cultural weakness, it is simply to master the language of business in North America. The social fabric is still very homogeneous, immigration is relatively small and easily integrated, we do not find phémomène assimilation into English. The result is that the Beauceron does not feel threatened, they do not feel that French is in danger or even be an issue in their region. Since

Beauce developed without reliance on investment of Quebec or Ottawa, sovereignists arguments concerning interference in Ottawa or on the Harms of economic federalism are well smile Beauce, who are throwing hand. We see how the political discourse of the Bloc did not care. To summarize: the "black legs" as the crows are not afraid of scarecrows waving to them. To get the Beauceron, it takes a positive approach, concrete and preserve the achievements of the region. In other words, it must change promises an accentuation of the characteristics that make this region so dynamic Beauce.

It is easy to understand why the discourse on the sponsorship scandal received a mixed reception in the Beauce, they did not feel at all concerned. The Beauceron thinks: "The Liberals have wasted taxpayers' money? Us replace them, do an investigation and punish those responsible. Otherwise, business is business ..."

Instead of criticizing our busy little squirrels, our jovial capitalist, it would be better to offer them something interesting. Business is business, we repeat ...

BUSINESS PLAN IN 8 POINTS FOR BEAUCE

1. Quebec International Airport.
Studies show that the vast majority of multinational companies settled in less than an hour's drive from an international airport. If you like, for example, attract a national office of Nestle, one must have a direct flight to Switzerland. Currently, Toronto monopolizing direct flights, the headquarters moved to North York or Mississauga. It is also one of the reasons for economic decline of Montreal (since transferred numerous flights to Toronto).
The same logic works in reverse: to export its production to third countries, should ideally be able to invite customers to visit its facilities.
Until Quebec is not independent, there will be no international airport in Quebec, and Saint-Georges de Beauce remain disadvantaged by the current situation. A company that becomes a very big Beauce might even be tempted to move its international offices in Toronto or Montreal.
The ideal solution is, clearly, to have an international airport in Quebec.

2. Completion of regional rail and road infrastructure.
It is very important that Highway 73, on 4 channels, be continued to Saint-Georges. This highway is essential for the trucking, so for exports.
A railroad to transport containers (and passengers) may also be constructed on the axis of the highway. Prime Railway sovereign Quebec, it might work using conventional electric locomotives, quiet, clean and very efficient. This would boost exports, allowing the transport of large volumes of freight (about 100 containers per train, against 4 per truck).

3. The valuation of the ports of Quebec and Rivière-du-Loup (Cacouna).
Exporting firms require port facilities to export efficiently. Instead of depending on the port of Montreal (poorly located) or Halifax (too far), exports could be done by Quebec Cacouna or, depending on season and availability. The port could log onto the rail and truck route to create a genuine "motorways of the export". Because of its location, St. George could also serve as a springboard to the Atlantic city of Portland (Maine), an ice-free port in winter.

4. Enhancement of the Kennebec-Chaudière International Corridor.
The ongoing construction of Highway 73 to the U.S. border and beyond would provide a direct path to export to the United States. Funded jointly, the highway side of Maine would join the 95 in Waterville. This connects the Beauce to a highly efficient motorway network, the U.S. side, and would also give access to the Atlantic port of Portland, another interesting route for exports and a port "all seasons". Beauceronne prosperity would be shared with Maine and with our National Capital Region, Quebec.

5. Obtaining the status of "free zone" for the southern part of the Beauce. A
zone is an area in a strategic location, where they removed some legal or tax to stimulate the economy and transnational operations. Beauce would, in a sovereign Quebec, the best candidate for such status. In recent centuries, free zones such as Monterrey (Mexico), Trieste (Italy), Hong Kong or Djibouti have experienced great prosperity. More recently, small countries like Macedonia have established zones near major cities and airports in order to stimulate economic development. We will return later in this article.

6. A policy favoring the installation of international offices throughout along the Quebec - Saint-Georges.
A targeted economic development policy will promote the construction small office buildings, respecting the regional architecture and preferences of local people in the axis of the Chaudiere River. Companies will certainly settle in the interest of less than an hour from the national capital, near a major port and international airport, along a highway to facilitate exports, and ideally in a free zone .

7. Increased political clout for Beauce.
One of the most immediate consequences of independence will be an increasing political weight of the Beauce. Currently, Beauce County has one federally (1 / 308) and two provincial ridings (2 / 125), which makes it a political weight by about 0.9%. The calculation may seem a little brutal, even simplistic, but you realize very quickly that this is a fairly reliable indicator of the weight of a region, the prioritization of their needs when it comes time to take economic decisions. In a sovereign Quebec, the initial weight of the Beauce would be 1.6% (almost double). It could increase rapidly with the population, through economic incentives discussed here.

8. An area model for Quebec and for the world.
Beauce could become a model and pride, a window on the economic dynamism of Quebec. The entrepreneurial spirit having established very early, a sovereign Quebec could boost the spirit and allow it to be accomplished to reach its full potential. According to his model and building on its success, other zones could be created, in the Brome-Missisquoi for example (see below). It has much of the desired characteristics. The Estrie region has already begun to explore its potential in areas relating to engineering, plastics and biotechnology. Some industries also settle at or near Magog of medium-sized cities, proximity to the United States as an incentive. Current priorities in regional development are unfortunately not favorable, we can blame the passage Industry Canada.

WHY QUEBEC HAS NEED OF FREE ZONES?

By studying the economic development of various regions of Quebec, I finally identified two areas (counties, actually) that have enormous economic potential, but has not yet fully developed: the southern Beauce and the southern county of Brome-Missisquoi.

The idea with Beauce would establish a free zone in the south (between St. George and the border), then expanding the motorway and rail Beauce and through Maine (along the valley roads in Quebec and 73/173 201/295 / 95 of the U.S. side) to create a major economic corridor between Quebec City and the axis Waterville-Augusta-Portland. This opens the Quebec market for food arriving by the deadweight of Portland (ice free) and stimulates the development of transport infrastructure on the Quebec side (eg, increased volume of cargo at the airport in Quebec). Obviously, export commodities produced in the area produces enormous commercial benefits.


the side of Brome-Missisquoi, we take advantage of the interconnection with Interstate 89 on the American side to establish a large industrial park halfway between Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Cowansville cities would also benefit economically. Rail links are also interesting in this sector. And infrastructure are currently under-utilized, which gives them a good growth potential.


To realize such projects, Quebec would likely have on hand the economic levers needed to carry them out (because there are many skills involved and no federal precedent in Canada, I think). Hence the place that this kind of project could have in a sovereignty argument.

However, I quickly identified the main obstacle to this kind of project: attitudes. Talk about free zones or tax holidays, and people go to the barricades, leaving the insults of the day ("colonized!", "Neo-liberal!") And evoking the image of Mexican maquiladoras and the resulting unsanitary . Apocalyptic images of a huge brown cloud floating above the green pastures of our accursed fallow valleys. People do not understand. A free zone is still subject to the standards here, be they environmental, social or security. Simply settling industries in free zones enjoy tax arrangements interesting, in addition to customs processes (import-export) simplified. Who benefits from

ZONES?

A free zone is an area of limited size, in which a template is reduced tax applied to companies, manufactures, and in some cases to workers. In short, these incentives Fiscal much bolder than those found in programs such as the timid "Cité du multimédia" (in Montreal).

The free zone is usually a major industrial park on the edge of a port, airport or border bribery. No fee / tax / duty is retained on manufactured goods that are exported. No tax is applied on income reinvested in development. Reduced bureaucracy and a business culture focused on exporting help attract industries.

Who Benefits? Workers primarily provided (to my opinion) to establish standards of decent employment within the zone. Everyone is glad to see the industry moving locally, right? The community will recover its investment through local prosperity, taxation on non-traded goods (local markets), taxation (albeit small), possibly also through tolls on roads nearby.

The recipe exists, with variations, and it was used by a lot of countries, usually with success. This stimulates the development and concentration of industries. In my view, however, it is better to install a free zone in a well defined, good area, close to mid-sized cities BUT relatively empty at the start.

Obviously, the initial investment involves the construction of basic infrastructure and improving transport routes. For this reason, I identified the axis south of 73/173 in the Beauce. Same for the north end of Highway 89 (USA), which effectively gives on Route 133 in Quebec. The north-east of Missisquoi Bay, at the intersection of Routes 133 and 202, is a strategic location.

CONCLUSION

" (...) two areas related to the U.S. border, Beauce with almost full employment and the Eastern Townships, have clearly contributed to the internationalization of the economy of Quebec. It is undeniable that Montreal has been the locomotive of change, but there was also the effect of secondary engines. "
Jean-François Lisée" Is Quebec a North American Region-State? " in the journal Policy Options, 2003